Molecular Autism


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An X chromosome-wide association study in autism families identifies TBL1X as a novel autism spectrum disorder candidate gene in males

Ren-Hua Chung1, Deqiong Ma1, Kai Wang2, Dale J Hedges1, James M Jaworski1, John R Gilbert1, Michael L Cuccaro1, Harry H Wright3, Ruth K Abramson3, Ioanna Konidari1, Patrice L Whitehead1, Gerard D Schellenberg4, Hakon Hakonarson2, Jonathan L Haines5, Margaret A Pericak-Vance1 and Eden R Martin1*

Author Affiliations

1 Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, PO Box 019132 (M-860), Miami, FL 33101, USA

2 Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th St and Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

3 School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 6311 Garners Ferry Road, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA

4 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, USA

5 Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215 Garland Ave, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA

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Molecular Autism 2011, 2:18 doi:10.1186/2040-2392-2-18

Published: 4 November 2011

Additional files

Additional file 1:

Detailed statistics for subphenotypes of the data sets. Additional file 1 contains detailed statistics for the subphenotype information for the John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics/Center for Human Genetics Research (HIHG/CHGR) and Autism Genetic Resource Exchange (AGRE) data sets.

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Additional file 2:

A list of candidate genes for ASD used in the candidate gene analysis. Additional file 2 is a list of the 21 candidate genes for autism spectrum disorder used to calculate statistical significance in candidate genes on the X chromosome.

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Additional file 3:

Procedures for the statistical analyses. Additional file 3 describes the procedures used in the three analyses (that is, joint analysis, meta-analysis and replication analysis).

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Additional file 4:

Quality control steps. Additional file 4 lists the detailed statistics for the samples passing the quality control (QC) steps.

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Additional file 5:

LD pattern among SNPs in the TBL1X gene based on unrelated individuals. Additional file 4 gives the linkage disequilibrium (LD) measures (r2) for the significant SNPs and surrounding SNPs in the transducin β-like 1X-linked (TBL1X) gene.

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Additional file 6:

Allele and genotype frequencies of parents, cases and controls for significant SNPs. Additional file 6 shows the allele and genotype frequencies of parents, cases and controls for the significant SNPs reported in Tables 2 and 3.

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Additional file 7:

Power study results. Additional file 7 shows the power curves under different relative risks, minor allele frequencies and disease models, given the sample sizes in our study.

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Additional file 8:

Differences in missing data between males and females in the study. Additional file 8 describes the problem of differences in missing genotype data, with statistics and figures showing the problem.

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Additional file 9:

Missing genotype rates for the markers rs5934665, rs17321050 and rs2188766. Additional file 9 lists the missing genotype rates for males, females and overall samples for the significant markers in TBL1X.

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